Use of sinkhole and specific capacity distributions to assess vertical gradients in a karst aquifer     

Kurt J. McCoy  Mark D. Kozar 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(5):921-935

The carbonate-rock aquifer in the Great Valley, West Virginia, USA, was evaluated using a database of 687 sinkholes and 350 specific capacity tests to assess structural, lithologic, and topographic influences on the groundwater flow system. The enhanced permeability of the aquifer is characterized in part by the many sinkholes, springs, and solutionally enlarged fractures throughout the valley. Yet, vertical components of subsurface flow in this highly heterogeneous aquifer are currently not well understood. To address this problem, this study examines the apparent relation between geologic features of the aquifer and two spatial indices of enhanced permeability attributed to aquifer karstification: (1) the distribution of sinkholes and (2) the occurrence of wells with relatively high specific capacity. Statistical results indicate that sinkholes (funnel and collapse) occur primarily along cleavage and bedding planes parallel to subparallel to strike where lateral or downward vertical gradients are highest. Conversely, high specific capacity values are common along prominent joints perpendicular or oblique to strike. The similarity of the latter distribution to that of springs suggests these fractures are areas of upward-convergent flow. These differences between sinkhole and high specific capacity distributions suggest vertical flow components are primarily controlled by the orientation of geologic structure and associated subsurface fracturing.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of weathering damage on rock-cut monuments in Petra, Jordan     

Kurt Heinrichs 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(3-4):643-675

Studies of many years—combining in situ investigation and laboratory analysis—have provided comprehensive information on weathering damage on the rock-cut monuments in the ancient city of Petra in Jordan. These rock-cut monuments represent outstanding world heritage. Many hundred monuments were carved by the Nabataeans from bedrock about 2000 years ago. The awareness of increasing weathering damage on the monuments has resulted in international efforts towards their preservation. The damage diagnosis has addressed the complex mutual relationships between stone types, stone properties, monument exposure regimes, environmental influences, weathering phenomena, development and extent of weathering damage and weathering progression. The rocks were classified lithostratigraphically and petrographically. Results on weathering forms, weathering profiles and weathering products obtained from monument mapping, in situ measurements and laboratory studies revealed a complex diversity of weathering phemomena with respect to type and intensity. Damage categories and damage indices were used to create a reproducible quantitative rating of weathering damage. Detailed results on weathering forms allowed the characterization and quantification of weathering progression including weathering prognoses. Stone properties and states of weathering damage were jointly considered for the rating of the rocks’ susceptibility to weathering. The systematic evaluation of weathering damage and monument exposure regimes can enhance the assessment of weathering factors and processes.  相似文献   

Die Bedeutung der Überschiebungen in Zentralasien     

Kurt Leuchs 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1914,5(2):81-87

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Ergebnisse neuer geologischer Forschung im Tian-Schan     

Kurt Leuchs 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1913,4(1):15-42

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Polygene Konglomerate im nordalpinen Rhät und die altkimmerische Phase     

Kurt Leuchs 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1928,19(1):72-75

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Vergleich neuerer tektonischer Arbeiten über den nördlichen Harzrand     

Kurt Foucar 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1937,28(5):448-450

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Das jüngste Großbeben in Anatolien     

Kurt Leuchs 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1940,31(1-2):70-76

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Die wirkliche Solarkonstante     

Prof. Dr. Kurt Wegener 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1951,19(3-4):170-172

Zusammenfassung Die Solarkonstante 2.4 wird begründet.

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Summary The true solar constant 2.4 is proved.

  相似文献   

Erwiderung zu dem Aufsatz von Dr. Georgi: Das neue Absolut-Pyrheliometer von Prof. K. Wegener     

Prof. Dr. Kurt Wegener 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1951,20(1):85-85

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Der Mechanismus des ozeanischen und des kontinentalen Produktionsvorganges     

Kurt Kalle 《Ocean Dynamics》1950,3(1-2):62-69

  相似文献